Description

In OOP you will often encounter the abundance of using IF/Else which on the negative side may provide a deep layer of nesting, increasing the complexity of your solution. Imagine having more than 2 variables that must be tested simultaneously.

There are some good design patterns that would replace the classical procedural approach with a nice smooth OOP approach. One approach is named Strategy Pattern. Consider the following objects:

csharp

public enum EmployeeType
        {
            Manager,
            Administrative,
            General
        }

        public class Employee
        {
            public string Name { get; set; }
            public EmployeeType Type { get; set; }
        }

        public class Payments
        {
            public double Pay(Employee employee)
            {
                switch (employee.Type)
                {
                    case EmployeeType.Administrative:
                        return 100;
                    case EmployeeType.Manager:
                        return -1000;
                    case EmployeeType.General:
                        return 200;
                    default:
                        return 0;
                }
            }
        }

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Employee me = new Employee { Name = "Me", Type = EmployeeType.Manager };
            Payments payments = new Payments();
            Console.WriteLine(payments.Pay(me));
        }

Solution

We continue by introducing polymorphism into the Employee class. Then instead of determining what type of employee it is, we define separate handlers for each:

csharp

public abstract class Employee
        {
            public string Name { get; set; }
            public EmployeeType Type { get; protected set; }
        }
        public class EmployeeAdministrative : Employee
        {
            public EmployeeAdministrative()
            {
                this.Type = EmployeeType.Administrative;
            }
        }
        public class EmployeeManager : Employee
        {
            public EmployeeManager()
            {
                this.Type = EmployeeType.Manager;
            }
        }
        public class EmployeeGeneral : Employee
        {
            public EmployeeGeneral()
            {
                this.Type = EmployeeType.General;
            }
        }
        public class Payments
        {
            public double Pay(EmployeeAdministrative employee) => 100;
            public double Pay(EmployeeManager employee) => -1000;
            public double Pay(EmployeeGeneral employee) => 200;
        }

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            EmployeeManager me = new EmployeeManager { Name = "Me" };
            Payments payments = new Payments();
            Console.WriteLine(payments.Pay(me));
        }

The following introduces a new pattern — Strategy Pattern — into the overloaded methods, which makes the code even cleaner:

csharp

public class Payments
        {
            private Dictionary<EmployeeType, Func<double>> paymentType
                = new Dictionary<EmployeeType, Func<double>>
            {
                { EmployeeType.Manager, () => -1000 },
                { EmployeeType.Administrative, () => 100},
                { EmployeeType.General, () => 200 }
            };

            public double Pay(Employee employee) => paymentType[employee.Type]();
        }

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            EmployeeManager me = new EmployeeManager { Name = "Me" };
            Payments payments = new Payments();
            Console.WriteLine(payments.Pay(me));
        }

Replace Conditional IF with polymorphism

Description

Solution